Order types
A market order asks to transact at the best available price. A limit order sets the price you are willing to pay or accept. A stop order is designed to activate when a chosen price is reached.
Position language
A long position benefits if price rises. A short position benefits if price falls, but it carries different risks and mechanics. A position is simply an open exposure to an asset or contract.
Basic chart language
A breakout is price moving above a watched area. A breakdown is price moving below one. A pullback is a move against the recent trend. A range is a period where price moves between defined areas.
Beginner takeaway
Do not rush to memorize every term. Learn the words connected to the decisions you are making now, then build from there.